Quick answers
Is my Romanian debtor insolvent?
Search the company's name or registration code in the Insolvency Proceedings Bulletin (BPI), kept by the National Trade Register Office. If proceedings have opened, individual court action is generally suspended and your claim must be filed in the insolvency case.
How do I check a Romanian company?
Start with the trade register (ONRC) for name, registration number, CUI, registered office, status and legal representatives. Then check the insolvency bulletin, public tax and financial-statement data, and the courts portal for pending files.
Is the Romanian company still active?
The company's status is recorded in the trade register held by ONRC. Check it before sending a demand or starting court action.
In short
- The National Trade Register Office (ONRC) holds the company's registered name, registration number, unique registration code (CUI), registered office, status and legal representatives.
- The Insolvency Proceedings Bulletin (BPI), kept by ONRC, shows whether insolvency proceedings have opened. If they have, individual court action is generally suspended and the claim must be filed in the insolvency case.
- Public tax and financial-statement data from the Ministry of Finance and ANAF help confirm the tax code, VAT status and filed annual accounts.
- The courts portal shows pending court files in which the company is a party.
Three steps
1. Identify the debtor
Confirm the exact name, registration number and CUI used on your contract and invoices.
2. Check status and insolvency
Verify in the trade register and the insolvency bulletin that the company is active and not in insolvency.
3. Choose the procedure
Then choose the next step: a payment order, the European Order for Payment, an ordinary claim or filing in an insolvency.
In detail
Trade register (ONRC)
Every Romanian company is registered with the National Trade Register Office. The register shows the exact name, the registration number (J…), the unique registration code (CUI), the registered office, the legal form, the share capital, the directors and the company status.
Use the name and codes exactly as registered in your demand letter and any court application. A wrong name or registered office can delay service of documents and the case itself.
A certified trade-register extract (certificat constatator) can be requested from ONRC and is commonly used as evidence in court.
Insolvency Proceedings Bulletin (BPI)
Notices on insolvency cases are published in the Insolvency Proceedings Bulletin, kept by ONRC under Law no. 85/2014.
If insolvency proceedings have opened, individual court actions and enforcement against the debtor are generally suspended. The creditor then files its claim in the insolvency case within the deadline set by the court.
Check the bulletin again shortly before filing any court application; the status may change at any time.
Tax and financial data
The Ministry of Finance publishes, by CUI, summary data from annual financial statements filed by companies, such as turnover, profit or loss and number of employees.
ANAF publishes whether a company is registered for VAT purposes. This helps confirm the tax code shown on invoices.
Summary figures do not show which assets the company has or whether they are encumbered; they are a first indication only.
Court files and security interests
The courts portal allows a search of court files by party name and shows the court, case number, subject and hearing dates.
Movable security interests (for example pledges over equipment or receivables) are recorded in the Electronic Archive of Security Interests in Movable Property; mortgages over real estate are recorded in the land book (cartea funciară).
Existing security interests can affect how much an unsecured creditor can recover through enforcement.
What to do with the results
Active company, no insolvency: send a formal demand and consider a payment order, the European Order for Payment, small claims or an ordinary action.
Insolvency already opened: prepare and file the claim in the insolvency case before the deadline.
Company dissolved or struck off: the options depend on the stage of dissolution or liquidation and must be reviewed case by case.
Documents to prepare
- Contract, order confirmations or general terms accepted by the debtor
- Unpaid invoices and proof of delivery or performance
- Correspondence in which the debtor acknowledges the debt
- The debtor's exact name, registration number and CUI
- Results of the trade-register and insolvency-bulletin checks, with the date of the check
Related guides
Frequently asked questions
Official sources
- National Trade Register Office (ONRC)
- Portal of Romanian courts
- Ministry of Finance — public company information
- ANAF — National Agency for Fiscal Administration
- European e-Justice Portal — business registers
General legal information, not legal advice. Each situation requires individual review. Cabinet de Avocatură Pantilimon Rikhárd-Árpád, based in Târgu Mureș.