In short
- Legal basis: Law no. 129/2019, as amended; supervision and reporting through ONPCSB.
- Art. 5 lists the reporting entities — coverage depends on your actual activity.
- Cash transactions from the lei equivalent of EUR 10,000, including linked operations, are reported.
- All Trade Register companies also declare their beneficial owner (art. 56).
Three core obligations
Know your customer
Reporting entities apply customer due diligence measures under Law 129/2019 and secondary rules. ONPCSB notes that they must find lawful ways to obtain required data, such as the address on new identity cards.
Report to ONPCSB
Suspicious transaction reports, cash transaction reports from EUR 10,000 and, for financial institutions, external transfer reports, in the form approved by ONPCSB.
Know your own owner
Every company registered with the Trade Register also declares its beneficial owner (art. 56), at incorporation and on every change.
Compliance checklist
- Check whether your activity falls under art. 5 of Law 129/2019
- Identify the authority that supervises your sector (ONPCSB or a sector supervisor)
- Set up customer due diligence and record-keeping procedures
- Use the ONPCSB report forms for suspicious, cash and transfer reports
- Keep the beneficial owner declaration at the Trade Register up to date
Related guide
For the beneficial owner declaration, see UBO declaration in Romania.
Legal assistance with AML
Frequently asked questions
Official sources
- Law no. 129/2019 — consolidated text (Legislative Portal, Ministry of Justice)
- ONPCSB — Obligations of reporting entities
- ONPCSB — Order approving the form and content of the reports under art. 6 and 7 of Law 129/2019
General legal information, not legal advice. Each situation requires individual review. Cabinet de Avocatură Pantilimon Rikhárd-Árpád, based in Târgu Mureș.