Full answer
Romania is a 'first-to-file' jurisdiction — whoever files first gets priority, regardless of who used the brand first (with narrow exceptions for well-known marks).
National OSIM (Romanian Office for Inventions and Trademarks): EUR 200-400 in fees for 1 class, +EUR 50 per additional class. Examination 4-6 months. Protection: 10 years, renewable indefinitely.
EU Trademark (EUIPO, Alicante): EUR 1,050 base for 1 class via e-filing, +EUR 50 (2nd class) +EUR 150 (each additional). Covers all EU 27 with single registration. Examination 4-6 months. Renewable every 10 years.
The registration route depends on the intended territorial scope: Romanian national protection or EU-wide protection.
International (Madrid Protocol): file with WIPO designating multiple countries. Romania is a Madrid member — your base mark can be Romanian or EU.
Classes: use Nice Classification (45 classes of goods/services). Most software companies file in classes 9 + 42 + 35 + 41.
Common foreign-investor mistake: trying to register a generic English word in Romania without checking Romanian linguistic equivalence — searches must include Romanian language results.